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1. Write an expression to show the number that is 3 times as much as the sum of 40 and 6. Then, find the value
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3 × ( 40 + 6)
= 3 × 40 + 3 × 6
= +
=
Think: We can use this idea to mentally calculate 3 x 46
2. Write an expression to find the number that is 4 times as much as the difference between 50 and 1. Then, find the value
4 × (50 – 1)
= 4 × 50 – 4 × 1
= –
=
Note: is the answer same as 4 × 49?
3. Calculate 4 × 27 with mental math
Hints:
4 × 27 = 4 × (20 + 7) = 4 × (30 – 3) = 4 × (25 + 2)
4 × 27 =
4a.
98 × 3
= (100 – 2) × 3
= × 3 – × 3
= –
=
4b.
25 × 49
= 25 × (50 – 1)
= 20 × 50 – 25 × 1
= –
=
4c.
998 × 15
= (1000 – 2) × 15
= 1000 × 15 – 2 × 15
= – 30
=
4d.
126 × 4
= (101 + 25) × 4
= 101 × 4 + 25 × 4
= +
=
5a.
8 × 82 = 8 × (80 + 2 ) =
5b.
9 × 99 = 9 × (100 – 1) =
5c.
32 × 49 = 32 × ( 50 – ) =
5d.
4,998 × 6 = (5,000 – ) × 6=
6a. What sign, >, <, or=, goes in each 〇?
(14 + 27) × 6 〇 8 × (27 + 14)
6b. What sign, >, <, or=, goes in each 〇?
8 × ( 48 – 7) 〇 48 × 8 – 9 × 8
6c. What sign, >, <, or=, goes in each 〇?
9 × 38 – 9 × 9 〇 9 × (38 – 9)